According
to ancient Roman maps, St. Stephen's School is built
over the ruins of the Roman temple dedicated to goddess
Bona Dea.
In
Roman mythology, Bona Dea (literally "the good
goddess") was the goddess of fertility, healing,
virginity, and women. She was the daughter of the
god Faunus and was often referred to as Fauna.
Bona Dea was the perpetually virginal goddess and
was also associated with healing, with the sick being
tended to in her temple garden with medicinal herbs.
She was regarded with great reverence by lower-class
citizens, slaves and women who sought her aid in sickness
or for fertility.
She was worshipped in a temple on the small Aventine
Hill, but her secret rites were performed in the home
of a prominent Roman magistrate. The rites were held
on December 4, and were attended by women only. Even
paintings or drawings of men or male animals were
forbidden, along with the words "wine" and
"myrtle" because she had once been beaten
by Faunus with a myrtle stick after she had become
inebriated. The rites were conducted annually by the
wife of the senior magistrate present in Rome assisted
by the Vestal Virgins. The most famous anecdote related
to this festival was its desecration by Publius Clodius
in 62 BC when he surreptitiously attended the ceremony
at the house of the pontifex maximus, Julius Caesar.
During the ensuing trial, the alibi of Clodius was
demolished by Cicero, which caused the perpetual animosity
that would define their relationship for the rest
of their lives.
Bona Dea is usually depicted sitting on a throne,
holding a cornucopia. The snake is her attribute,
a symbol of healing, and consecrated snakes were kept
in her temple at Rome. Her image frequently occurred
on ancient Roman coins.
Micha
F. Lindemans. "Encyclopedia Mythica". Brief
history of Bona Dea.
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